Those of you who have followed me for a while will know I studied abroad in Italy while I was at university. I stayed in Piacenza, a small town just 45 minutes south of Milan, for six incredible weeks. I quickly fell in love with Italy: the people, the culture, the language, the art, and, of course, the food. 

Italian food has always been one of my favorites, but Italian food in the states is nothing compared to the Italian food you find back in Italy. Italy’s best export is food, and it changes from north to south, town to town, and even household to household—but everyone’s nonna makes the “best.”

Like with accents and dialects, the food changes in every region of Italy, with each location offering a different local specialty. Bologna, for example, is the birthplace of lasagne; Napoli made the first pizza; and the Romans created the heavily triggering “real” carbonara recipe (no cream, y’all!). 

This summer my husband and I finally ventured back to Italy, where I totally gained a few pounds in pizza, pasta, and overindulging in Italian wine—worth it. In honor of our trip (and quite honestly, because I cannot concentrate on anything else), here is a food guide to each region in Italy (many of which I recently sampled!). 

If you want to steal the itinerary from our Italy trip this summer, we visited Milan, Como, the Dolomites, Venice, Pisa, Cinque Terre, and Florence. I’ll post the full breakdown soon!

A Foodie’s Guide to Italy’s Diverse Regions

The first thing to understand about food in Italy is that the country is separated into regions. Italy is home to 20 administrative regions, each with its own dialect, customs, and famous food. 

When I spent a semester in Italy, I spent the majority of my time in the north, visiting the cities of Milan, Venice, Cortona, Florence, Genoa, Turin, Como, Piacenza, Montepulciano, Arezzo, Rome, Parma, Modena, Bologna, Pisa, La Spezia, and Cinque Terre and sampling everything they had to offer. 

Like food, accents, and cultures, every region in Italy is also known for a type of wine that will pair perfectly with the ingredients used in the region, but of course, you don’t need a meal to enjoy a glass of red when in Rome. 

Abruzzo: Spaghetti alla Chitarra 

Abruzzo is located in central Italy, with mountains towards the west and the coast towards the east—it’s considered the “greenest region in Europe.”  When it comes to food, thanks to the ample countryside in the region, there are plenty of great, fresh ingredients to choose from. Lamb, truffles, mushrooms, red garlic, and rosemary are all abundant in the area and included in most meals. 

Basilicata: Lucanica di Picerno 

Located in southern Italy, Basilicata is home to two coastlines—one in the Tyrrhenian Sea and the other in the Gulf of Taranto—and is the most mountainous region in Italy. Traditionally, pork, lamb, and mutton have been staples of the local diet for centuries, so it is no surprise that the Lucanica di Picerno (PGI) is the local specialty. The pork sausage has a protected status and has been produced in the area since before the Roman Empire. 

Peperoni Crusco (PAT) are dried sweet peppers—often referred to as “the red gold of Basilicata”—that are used in many different local dishes, like pasta con i peperoni cruschi. If you have been to Italy, you’ll know how much Italians love sparkling water, and Basilicata is known for its naturally sparkling mineral water that comes from the streams on Mount Vulture. 

Aglianico del Vulture is the wine of the region and is considered to be one of the best wines in the whole country. 

Calabria: ‘Nduja 

Calabria, in southern Italy, is the “toe” of Italy’s boot and is home to three mountain ranges, as well as some of the most beautiful beaches in Europe. Calabria is known around Italy and the world for its spicy food, particularly ‘Nduja, a spicy, spreadable sausage. Another popular specialty is caciocavallo cheese, which has a protected geographical status. It is a typical southern Italian cheese made with cow’s or sheep’s milk. 

In the coastal regions, there is plenty of seafood to be found, particularly cured cod, swordfish, and sardines. Calabria preserves a lot of food in olive oil and it’s not uncommon to find preserved vegetables and meats in the local supermarket or offered with an aperitivo in the local bar. 

If you are in Calabria and heading out for an aperitivo, try a glass of Ciro (DOC). 

Campania: Pizza

Campania is located in the southwest of Italy and is home to Napoli, Pompeii, the Amalfi Coast, and the Island of Capri, some of Italy’s most famous tourist attractions. destinations. The area is extremely rich in history and culture and very passionate about food. 

Napoli, the capital of Campania, in particular, is famous all over Italy for its food and is the birthplace of everyone’s favorite snack, pizza. But there is a lot more to the food in Napoli than just pizza; don’t miss crocche, a fried, stuffed potato ball, or sciurilli, fried zucchini flowers. 

Along the coast, seafood is extremely popular, especially dishes like spaghetti alle vongole (clams) or fritto misto di mare. Inland, meals are centered around vegetables, beans, and local cheeses, especially mozzarella di Bufala, which comes from the region. 

Try Fiano di Avellino, Greco di Tufo, or Taurasi for a good local wine. 

Emilia-Romagna: Parmigiano 

Emilia-Romagna is located in the north of Italy and is home to mountain ranges, beautiful beaches, and the oldest university in the world. Emilia-Romagna is considered a center for food production and one of the richest regions in terms of food and drink. 

Did you know that you can take out a loan with Parmigiano in Italy? A bank in the region accepts Parmigiano Reggiano cheese as collateral for a loan—that’s how important food is to the locals. All of your favorite Italian dishes and ingredients probably came from Emilia-Romagna, whether it’s lasagne, balsamic vinegar, mortadella, prosciutto, tortellini, or polenta. 

Enjoy a glass of Lambrusco, a local sparkling wine, with your meal. 

Friuli Venezia Giulia: Frico

Located in the north of Italy, Friuli Venezia Giulia is on the coast of the Adriatic Sea and shares a border with Austria and Slovenia. The region is home to a section of the Alps, some of the most picturesque villages in Europe, and a beautiful coastline that is popular with both locals and tourists. 

Being on the border of Austria and Slovenia has influenced the food in the area, with the most popular dishes being Frico, a fried cheese and potato dish, and Gubana, a type of sweet pastry.

Collio wine is a particularly good wine that you can find in the region. 

Lazio: Carbonara 

Lazio is located on the west coast of Italy, home to Rome, the capital city, and one of the most visited regions in the country. Culture and history are particularly important in the area, with examples of the Roman Empire to be discovered around every corner, but for me, the real treat is the food. 

Perhaps the most controversial dish on the planet, carbonara, was born in Rome (one of my all-time favorites and definitely without any cream!). In fact, a lot of different pasta dishes were created in the region, including all’amatriciana, all’arrabbiata (another spicy fav! ), cacio e pepe, and alla gricia. 

One of the most important ingredients in the area is guanciale, a cut of cured pig cheek, which is an essential ingredient in many pasta dishes in Lazio and around Italy (including carbonara). 

Enjoy a glass of Frascati and/or Cesanese wine—why not, when in Rome after all? 

Liguria: Pesto

Liguria is located in the north of Italy, bordering France and hugging the coastline. It is a popular vacation spot for locals and visitors, with some of Italy’s nicest beach resorts. When it comes to food, the specialty of Liguria is pesto, one of the most popular Italian sauces, both in Italy and around the world. Don’t miss out on Trofie al Pesto if you visit; I know I will be taking a suitcase of pesto back home with me! 

Being on the coast, Ligurian cuisine is hugely influenced by seafood. Ciuppin soup is particularly popular in the area, made from stale bread and leftover fish and seasoned with wine, onion, and garlic. I know it doesn’t sound great, but trust me on this one; after all, stale bread is just a crouton! 

Pigato is a great wine to enjoy with your pesto pasta! 

Lombardy: Risotto alla Milanese 

Lombardy is located in northern Italy and is home to Milan, the biggest city in the country. Like everywhere in Italy, food is extremely important to Lombardians, and the region is home to plenty of great dishes, even for fussy eaters. 

If you’re wondering what food northern Italy is known for, you can find out everything you need to know in Lombardy. 

Rice or stuffed pasta is a lot more popular than pasta with sauce in the region,  making risotto one of the specialties in the area, often eaten as a first course (risotto alla Milanese is my personal favorite—the chef’s kiss). The Christmas bread, panettone, is from Lombardy and has grown to become an important part of Christmas all over the world, so if you visit in the winter, make sure to sample some (personal recommendation for the pistachio-filled versions). 

Wash down your meal with a glass of Valtellina. 

Marche: Olive Ascolane 

Located in Central Italy on the East Coast, Marche is a small, hilly region with a beautiful coastline. The hilly areas make it perfect for growing olives, and some of the best olives and olive oil in the country come from the region. 

With a coastline and inland areas, the dishes found in the area differ depending on where you are, with dishes like brodetto (a fish stew) popular by the sea and vincisgrassi (a layered pasta dish) more popular inland. Don’t miss out on the olive ascolane, a type of stuffed, fried olive that is beyond delicious. 

Verdicchio is my favorite wine to enjoy with dinner (or without; I’m on vacation!). 

Molise: Pamparella

Molise is Italy’s newest region and the second-smallest region in the country. The region is mountainous, with an impressive coastline in the northeast. Molise used to share a region with Abruzzo before separating in 1963, and therefore the cuisine is very similar. 

One of the biggest things that defines food in Molise is the use of aromatic herbs that grow in the area, such as fennel-seasoned sausages. Scamorza is a popular cheese served grilled with fresh bread and is a must-try for cheese lovers. The local specialty is pamparella, a spicy cured pork, which is used to flavor a variety of sauces (something I want to try on my next trip!). 

For something to drink, don’t miss a glass of Tintilia. 

Piedmont: Tartufo d’Alba 

Piedmont borders France and Switzerland in the north of Italy and is the second-largest region in Italy. The region is surrounded on three sides by the Alps and is a particularly mountainous region with no coastline. 

Piedmont produces more coffee, rice, and white truffles than anywhere else in Italy and is the third-best region for DOC and DOCG wines. If you’re in the area, you can’t miss trying the famous Tartufo d’Alba (white truffle), Agnolotti (stuffed pasta), and a hot cup of Lavazza, the famous Italian coffee that is produced in the region (there are no words to describe how much I cannot wait for real Italian coffee to be back in my life!). 

Piedmont is the second-biggest exporter of wine in the whole country; make sure to grab a glass of Barolo or Barbaresco with your meal. 

Puglia: Taralli

Puglia is the heel of Italy, located in the south with a large coastline that borders the Adriatic Sea, the Strait of Otranto, and the Ionian Sea. The coastline in Puglia is the largest of Italy’s mainland regions and it is a popular vacation spot for both locals and tourists to Italy. 

Puglia hosts sagre food festivals throughout the year, showcasing the local cuisine and great ingredients of the region. If you’re planning on visiting Puglia, check out when the festivals happen before you book! (Not me thinking about booking another trip to Itlay before this one has even started!).

The most typical pasta shapes in Puglia are orecchiette, cavatelli, and troccoli, and one of the best pasta dishes is orecchiette con cime de rapa (pasta with turnip greens). If you’re not ready for a full meal, the most popular snack is taralli, a type of fried bread that comes in both sweet and savory versions. 

Grab a glass of Primitivo or Negroamaro when you’re in the region. 

Sardinia: Fregola

Sardinia is the second-largest island in Italy, located in the Mediterranean Sea off the west coast of Italy and below the island of Corsica. The island is home to mountains, woodlands, and some of the best beaches in the world. 

The island of Sardinia is very rural, with most of the island unpopulated or populated by small villages of farming or fishing communities. Meat, including pork, lamb, and horse, is popular inland, while seafood, like fregula, a type of Sardinian seafood pasta, is more popular along the coast. 

Porceddu is a roasted suckling pig (hello, Princess Diaries reference) that is offered at agriturismos and family barbecues, while culurgiones (potato-stuffed pasta) is another great Sardinian dish you won’t regret trying. You can’t visit the island without trying the unique, crunchy flatbread, which is only found in Sardinia; it is typically offered before and alongside every meal at a restaurant and in local homes. 

When it comes to cheeses, Sardinia is home to one of the most infamous in the world: casu marzu, which contains live maggots! It’s illegal to sell but if you know where to look, it’s still consumed on the island—but rather you than me! 

When in Sardinia, enjoy a glass of Cannonau or a Vermentino di Gallura, and don’t skip the digestivo Mirto, made from myrtle berries grown on the island. 

Sicily: Cannoli 

Sicily is Italy’s largest island, located off the “toe” of Italy’s boot. It is home to one of the most active volcanoes in the world, as well as some of Italy’s best and most visited beaches. 

Known as “God’s Kitchen,” you can find some of the best food in the world in Sicily. Whether you have a sweet tooth or you crave something savory—from cannoli to arancini—the island is a true food lover’s paradise. 

Pasta plays a huge part in cuisine all over the southern regions of Italy, and Sicily is no different, with one of the best pasta dishes being spaghetti ai ricci di mare, or pasta with sea urchins. Being an island, seafood plays a huge role in Sicilian cuisine; swordfish is particularly popular, as is couscous al pesce. 

In Sicily, sample a glass of Nero d’Avola. 

Trentino-Alto Adige: Speck

Trentino-Alto Adige is one of the most northern regions of Italy, bordering Austria and Switzerland. A large portion of the population speaks German as their first language and the foods in the region are also heavily influenced by Austrian cuisine. 

A trip to the region wouldn’t be complete without sampling some speck, a type of smoked ham, or, if you’re looking for something more adventurous, try Graukäse, a type of gray cheese that is served alone as an appetizer, or on top of Graukäse, a local potato and leek soup. 

Pair these foods with Gewürztraminer or Teroldego wines.

Tuscany: Bistecca alla Fiorentina 

Tuscany is the heart of Italy, known for its rolling hills, historical cities, and being the birthplace of the Renaissance. Located in central Italy, on the west coast of the country, it is known around the world for its amazing wines. 

It is the second most visited region in Italy by tourists (including myself this summer) who flock to the region for exceptional plates of food, charming villages, art, stunning countryside, and, of course, that amazing wine we mentioned before. 

Food in Tuscany is considered to be very simple, but thanks to the great ingredients in the region, it’s considered some of the best in the world. The biggest specialty is probably the Bistecca alla Fiorentina, or Florentine steak, to you and me.

You can’t enjoy the live music in a piazza in Florence without a glass of Chianti (or two) in hand. 

Umbria: Tartufo Nero

Located in central Italy, Umbria is one of the only regions in Italy not on the coast. It is home to hills, mountains, and valleys—some of the most beautiful landscapes in Italy. 

Porchetta (roast pork), Tartufo Nero (black truffle), and Crostini alla norcini (toasted bread with a variety of spreads and toppings) are all popular offerings that I hope to try on my trip. 

Try a glass of Orvieto when you’re visiting. 

Aosta Valley (Valle d’Aosta): Carbonade 

Bordering France and Switzerland, the Aosta Valley is an alpine valley situated in the north of Italy. Officially, both Italian and French are spoken in the region, as well as a local dialect. 

Being located on the border of France and Switzerland has influenced a lot of the food in the region; however, it is still distinctly Italian, using ingredients like polenta, strong cheeses, and local, fresh ingredients. 

One of the best meals to try is the carbonade, a beef stew cooked in red wine and served with polenta. Expect to see Rye bread, Fontina cheese, Vallee d’Aoste Lard d’Arnad (cured lard), and Vallee d’Aoste Jambon de Bosses (a type of ham) on your aperitivo plate. 

Try a glass of Fumin or Petite Arvine with your meal. 

Veneto

Situated on the north coast of Italy and home to one of the most famous cities in the world, Venice, Veneto is the most visited region in Italy and home to some great food (which I cannot wait to sample again later this month!). 

Venetian cuisine is unique to Veneto and differs hugely even from neighboring regions. The cuisine changes within the region based on geography, with coastal areas, mountains, and plains each offering a different specialty. 

The most common dish is polenta, which has been a staple in the area for centuries. It is cooked differently in every area, city, and home in the region, but it’s always good. 

If you want meat, head to Verona and try the Brasato all’Amarone (braised beef with polenta), and if you prefer seafood, try the Risotto al Nero di Seppia (squid ink risotto). One thing you can’t miss (and I certainly won’t be) in Veneto is Tiramisu. The dessert is said to have been invented in Treviso in the 60’s and is perhaps the best dessert in the whole world. 

Enjoy your tiramisu with a glass of prosecco or an Amarone wine. 

Want to learn more about Italy? I am off to Italy this summer to relive my exchange student days for a couple of weeks and I will be seeing as much as I can on my trip. Subscribe for more Italy content, or follow me on Instagram for live updates as they happen!